While significant attention has been given to understanding how environmental degradation contributes to the onset and severity of armed conflict, much less has been written about how armed conflicts impact on climate change. The aim of this chapter is to provide a comprehensive literature review of the specific ways in which conflicts exacerbate ongoing climatic challenges. The text differentiates between the direct effects of armed conflicts—such as greenhouse gas emissions from military operations, the destruction of carbon sinks due to deforestation, and environmental degradation resulting from warfare tactics—and indirect effects, including the disruption of environmental governance, hindrance of sustainable development, and degradation of climate norms. Both types of effects undermine efforts toward climate mitigation and adaptation. The chapter then illustrates these impacts through a case study of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, where many of these mechanisms have been starkly revealed. In the concluding section, the text discusses potential avenues for future research on the nexus between armed conflict and climate change, including the accurate quantification of carbon emissions caused by warfare, the intersection of climate governance and armed conflict, and the need for methodological innovation.