Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising tool in livestock production, offering innovative solution to challenges such as methane emissions, antimicrobial resistance, and animal health management. The unique properties of nanoparticles, including high surface area and bioavailability, enable their application in diverse areas, such as enhancing feed efficiency, mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, and combating pathogens. Plant-derived nanoparticles, in particular, hold significant potential due to their eco-friendly and sustainable nature. They have demonstrated efficacy in antimicrobial activities, reducing zoonotic pathogen loads, and improving nutrient absorption in livestock. Nanoparticles also play a critical role in methane management, either by enhancing gas production during anaerobic digestion or by reducing methane emissions from livestock. Studies show that incorporating nanoparticles like Fe, Ni, and Co can boost methane yield in biogas systems, while selenium and zinc nanoparticles reduce methane emissions in ruminants by targeting methanogenic archaea. In the realm of animal health, nanoparticles improve gut health, enhance immune responses, and mitigate oxidative stress, thus supporting productivity and resilience under stress conditions. Additionally, their use in addressing mycotoxin contamination and antiparasitic agents further underscores their utility. The application of plant-derived nanoparticles in cryopreservation has also improved gamete functionality, demonstrating their versatility in assisted reproductive technologies. By integrating nanotechnology with livestock systems, it is possible to achieve sustainable production while addressing environmental concerns. Further research is required to optimize nanoparticle applications, ensure safety, and scale up their use in practical livestock management systems.