Exposure of urban areas to higher levels of heat is escalating due to climate change, which manifests as more frequent heatwaves as well as change in the seasonal climatic normals. This chapter summarises the factors contributing to higher urban heat exposure and discusses the associated mitigation strategies based on a detailed analysis of changes in urban surface energy balance. It focuses on the effects of cool and radiative roofs, green infrastructures, blue spaces and urban morphology-associated shading and thermal mass. Additionally, it highlights the necessity for new urban climate modelling tools and new indexes beyond merely temperature and calls attention to the deterministic role of the background of climate while developing mitigation strategies against urban heat exposure and for a healthier urban environment.