This chapter provides a comprehensive exploration of the pivotal roles nurses play in immunization and vaccination programs. It begins with a brief overview, setting the scene for understanding the historical significance of vaccination and its profound impact on global health. The chapter details the crucial responsibilities of healthcare professionals in vaccination efforts, emphasizing the expanding role of nurse prescribing. It further discusses the importance of training and continuing education for healthcare professionals to ensure effective vaccination practices. The text highlights the significance of interprofessional collaboration, illustrating how healthcare professionals in the nursing domain and policymakers work together to enhance vaccination programs. It examines the interprofessional context within vaccination initiatives and explores various vaccination platforms and projects within the EU health ecosystem. Additionally, the chapter addresses the role of the vaccine industry and the relationship between industry stakeholders and nurses. Overall, the chapter underscores the multifaceted role of nurses in vaccination programs and their critical contribution to public health