The interpretation of God’s revelation, which is both incarnate and historically situated, necessitates ongoing analysis. The magisterium, empowered with the authority to interpret this revelation on behalf of the Church, does so within specific historical contexts. However, the reception of this authoritative interpretation is subject to further interpretation by its recipients. Thus, the unfolding of human history, as the interaction between God and humanity, requires a continuous hermeneutic process in shaping narratives, values, beliefs, and cultural frameworks. While extensive academic literature exists on magisterial texts, particularly those of the Second Vatican Council, this chapter’s contribution lies in examining tensions within moral teachings, especially since Vatican II, to elucidate the concept of vulnerability in moral theology. This involves contextualizing the magisterium’s role, delineating emerging themes from post-conciliar debates between the magisterium and moral theologians, and exploring the notion of vulnerability within specific ecclesial documents.