By 2050, animal product consumption is projected to increase by 60%–70%, placing immense pressure on resources, as traditional animal protein sources are costly, overexploited, and environmentally harmful. In this context, exploring alternative sources of animal protein has become essential for the agricultural sector. The FAO (2009) has highlighted the potential of insects as a sustainable nutrient source since 2003, due to their high nutritional value and low environmental impact. This perspective article, titled “Food Security and Sustainability Based on Alternative Proteins from Insects in the Santander Region (Colombia): A Perspective” discusses the challenges and opportunities for promoting alternative proteins (such as Atta laevigata) within sustainable food systems in the Department of Santander. The article aims to provide insights into the environmental and social impacts of insect-based proteins compared to conventional animal proteins. A mixed-methods approach is proposed to combine both quantitative and qualitative insights, capitalizing on the strengths of each while addressing their respective limitations.