The current study provides novel insights into the simultaneous synthesis and coating of gold-palladium bimetallic nanoparticles (Au-Pd BNPs) on cotton fabric. The cost-effective and eco-friendly extract of Citrus limon was used as a reducing and capping agent. While the cotton fabric functioned as a support material for the nanoparticles attachment. The Au-Pd BNPs-coated fabric showed colorfastness and was characterized using SEM-EDX, confirming the presence and purity of the nanoparticles on the fabric. The presence of toxicity in the coated fabric was evaluated using WHO’s cone bioassay and fabric dip test against adults and larvae of Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes. The repellency-based cone bioassay and the dip test showed no visible toxicity for the current preparation. These findings suggest the potential use of non-toxic Citrus limon leaf extract in producing a metal-dyed fabric. These fabrics of different metal coating are known to have applications in the fields of anti-microbial textile, biomedical theragnostic, environmental remediation, catalysis, sensing, UV- shielding, and thermal-regulating textiles. Therefore, a further investigation into the novel coating of Au-Pd BNPs on cotton fabric is warranted.