Cancer screening plays a crucial role in early detection and prevention, often saving lives by identifying cancers before symptoms appear. Common cancers that benefit from screening include breast cancer, cervical cancer, colorectal cancer, and prostate cancer, which can often be detected in early stages through various screening methods. This chapter explores various screening methods, such as mammograms, Pap smears, colonoscopies, and prostate exams, which are commonly used to detect precancerous conditions and early-stage cancers. These tests are particularly important for high-risk individuals, and national organizations like the Swiss Cancer League focus on the most common cancers to maximize resources. However, not all cancers are screened for due to rarity or limitations in test accuracy. Patients can still discuss personalized screening options with their doctors. The chapters highlight recent technologies, including artificial intelligence (AI), that in recent years has begun transforming cancer diagnostics. AI enhances screening by increasing the accuracy of detecting diseases like breast cancer in mammograms and improving colonoscopy results by identifying adenomas. Prostate cancer screening is also benefiting from advancements like the PSA test and the 4K score, which help reduce unnecessary procedures. As AI continues to evolve, its potential to revolutionize cancer detection and treatment grows, offering a promising future for proactive healthcare strategies aimed at reducing the global cancer burden.