BIM-Based Generative Design: A Comprehensive Review Across Key Domains
摘要
Building Information Modeling (BIM) has catalyzed a paradigm shift in the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) sector. It provides a multi-dimensional approach to represent the physical and functional characteristics of buildings and facilitates a collaborative environment for stakeholders throughout the building lifecycle. Recently, the incorporation of generative design, rooted in algorithmic methodologies and bolstered by advancements in deep learning, has boosted the design landscape across different phases and domains in the AEC sector. Generative design methods have the capability to autonomously generate a multitude of design alternatives, which also adhere to particular design criteria and constraints. However, despite these advancements, there remains the unrealized potential of generative design technologies within the BIM context. Notably, many generative design methodologies have not been tailored to widely accepted standards such as IFC or aligned seamlessly with BIM protocols. To address this gap, we propose an integrative framework, which covers all the application domains and an integrated design process to ensure cohesion between generative design and BIM. The framework was formulated based upon an analysis of research papers in the past decade at the intersection of BIM and generative design. We offer an exhaustive overview of BIM-based generative design focusing on five cardinal domains of design in the AEC sector: building layout, interior design, structural design, mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) system design, and exterior design. We then analyze BIM-based generative design methodologies, data flow, and design requirements of each domain within each phase in depth. Conclusively, we spotlight future trends and aim to drive advancements for research and practice in BIM-based generative design.