Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) that imposes a significant health burden, especially among young children and older adults. It is among the leading causes of death among children under 5 years of age. Prompt recognition along with a thorough understanding of the underlying microbiologic causes can guide appropriate management. When necessary, initiation of antimicrobials can prevent progression of disease and its associated complications. Given the significant burden of disease, prevention efforts through immunization should be considered a public health priority.