The rapid expansion of development initiatives has significantly contributed to forest degradation and the global extinction of species. In response, forest-dependent communities (FDCs) are increasingly taking on the responsibility of reviving and conserving forests for future generations. Protected areas (PAs) have emerged as a globally recognized framework for mitigating forest degradation, demonstrating superior conservation efforts for both flora and fauna within biogeographical regions. In parallel, India’s Joint Forest Management (JFM), introduced by the Forest Policy of 1988, has fostered collaboration between state forest agencies and local communities. This participatory model empowers local populations to manage and protect forests, thereby improving livelihoods and slowing environmental destruction. This chapter explores the effectiveness of PAs and JFM in promoting forest conservation and argues for policy measures to protect these areas from being diverted for non-forestry uses. The findings underscore the importance of integrating local community involvement and regulatory frameworks to ensure sustainable forest management and biodiversity conservation.