Muscle-skeletal symptoms are highly prevalent among peri- and postmenopausal women and more frequently display in women than in men of similar age. They are unrelated to other causes of dynapenia or sarcopenia. The handgrip strength is a simple screening test for dynapenia. In healthy postmenopausal women living in Spain, age less than 65 years, with normal vitamin D levels and normal body mass index, the handgrip strength is 24.10 ± 3.88 Kg. Some gene variations of the vitamin D receptor are associated with reduced handgrip strength and the dynapenia risk. Women with early menopause have increased risk of reduced appendicular muscle mass and no difference of handgrip strength. Ethnicity, environment, lifestyle, and nutrition may influence muscle strength and the risk of dynapenia. Subclinical chronic inflammation and increased fat mass may contribute to handgrip strength reduction and fracture risk in older women.