Healthy women have menopause at a mean age of 51 years, becoming 95% of them menopausal between 45 and 55 years. Oestrogen is the most effective available treatment for the relief of menopausal symptoms, most importantly hot flashes. Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT; oestrogen alone or combined with a progestin) is currently indicated for the management of menopausal symptoms. Its long-term use for the prevention of disease is no longer recommended. The treatment of menopausal symptoms with MHT will be reviewed in this chapter. An overview of the risks and benefits of oestrogens, available hormone preparations, and menopausal therapies for women who choose not to or cannot take oestrogens are discussed separately.