The study explored how construction workers in Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia perceive and adhere to Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) standards through a mix of surveys and interviews. The results revealed a gap between the workers understanding of OHS rules and their practical implementation. Despite undergoing OHS training many workers reported incidents that were left unreported or almost overlooked, such as the use of protective equipment (PPE) and difficulties in identifying hazards accurately. These findings underscore the need for measures, like communication channels for incident reporting and the conduct of OHS audits to enhance safety initiatives in the construction sector, both in Al Khobar and globally.