Asia has been transforming into a developmental liberal community—that is, a developmentally driven liberal world region in political economic and social policy characteristics. Developmental liberalism used to characterize the national political economic and social policy features of many Asian countries before their series participation in Asia’s regionally integrated, or Asianized, industrial capitalism. In South Korea’s active developmental pursuit of catch-up industrialization and condensed economic growth, for instance, the authoritarian state systematically harnessed and/or sacrificed social policies and grassroots interests for the sake of maximum economic growth, thereby constituting a developmentally liberal regime of socioeconomic governance. From the 1990s, broadly speaking, the aggressive promotion of transnationalized industrial capitalism across Asia, a sort of neoliberal globalization project, has induced Asian societies, peoples, and industries to be enmeshed with each other in developmental liberal manners. In particular, South Korea’s unprecedented financial collapse and concomitant industrial disruption, under which its developmental liberal regime of socioeconomic governance abruptly turned ineffectual and unsustainable due to rampant developmental disenfranchisements of innumerable current and prospective workers, immediately induced its industries to aggressively enter less developed Asian nations in pursuit of more easily utilizable labor forces, natural resources, and commodity markets. Through its forceful industrial expansion across Asia, South Korea’s neoliberal capitalism has functioned as a crucial agency in Asia’s developmental liberal integration by transnationally enfranchising various Asian peoples and localities through industrial employment, occupational training, business linkage, mutual trade, and even communal assistance. It is certainly paradoxical that South Korea’s regional socioeconomic proactivism has most conspicuously involved China and Vietnam, two post-socialist transition countries that used to exist as direct ideological adversaries during the Cold War.

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Neoliberal Korea, Developmental Liberal Asia

  • Kyung-Sup Chang

摘要

Asia has been transforming into a developmental liberal community—that is, a developmentally driven liberal world region in political economic and social policy characteristics. Developmental liberalism used to characterize the national political economic and social policy features of many Asian countries before their series participation in Asia’s regionally integrated, or Asianized, industrial capitalism. In South Korea’s active developmental pursuit of catch-up industrialization and condensed economic growth, for instance, the authoritarian state systematically harnessed and/or sacrificed social policies and grassroots interests for the sake of maximum economic growth, thereby constituting a developmentally liberal regime of socioeconomic governance. From the 1990s, broadly speaking, the aggressive promotion of transnationalized industrial capitalism across Asia, a sort of neoliberal globalization project, has induced Asian societies, peoples, and industries to be enmeshed with each other in developmental liberal manners. In particular, South Korea’s unprecedented financial collapse and concomitant industrial disruption, under which its developmental liberal regime of socioeconomic governance abruptly turned ineffectual and unsustainable due to rampant developmental disenfranchisements of innumerable current and prospective workers, immediately induced its industries to aggressively enter less developed Asian nations in pursuit of more easily utilizable labor forces, natural resources, and commodity markets. Through its forceful industrial expansion across Asia, South Korea’s neoliberal capitalism has functioned as a crucial agency in Asia’s developmental liberal integration by transnationally enfranchising various Asian peoples and localities through industrial employment, occupational training, business linkage, mutual trade, and even communal assistance. It is certainly paradoxical that South Korea’s regional socioeconomic proactivism has most conspicuously involved China and Vietnam, two post-socialist transition countries that used to exist as direct ideological adversaries during the Cold War.