Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder that affects the large intestine, presenting symptoms such as abdominal pain, changes in bowel habits, and overall discomfort. It affects 10–20% of the population, being more common in women. Symptoms vary by gender and age, related to muscular contractions, infections, and emotional factors. Causes include visceral sensitivity and psychosocial factors. Diagnosis is based on excluding other conditions and the presence of characteristic symptoms. Treatment includes dietary changes, medications, and stress management therapies. Physiotherapy provides relief with techniques such as manual therapy, exercise, and personalized education.