In what is considered by many as one of the most seminal liberation songs of the 1960s and 70s, Jamaican singer and songwriter, Jimmy Cliff, penned the words of the song “Many Rivers to Cross.” This song spoke to the racial struggles and cries for liberation from those who had endured centuries of White colonial domination. This domination was both physical and psychological, with the latter having the most enduring legacy. As noted in earlier chapters, critical race structuralism (CRS) is a new contribution and sister framework to Derrick Bell’s critical race theory (CRT) (Bell, 1980, 1995, 2017; Wiggan et al., 2022). As such, a central theme of this chapter is the importance of expanding analyses and mediating processes regarding the impact of racism in American classrooms. To challenge hegemonic narratives and provide a framework for inclusion, CRS presents a theoretical perspective that seeks to dismantle systemic and institutionalized racism (Gramsci, 1971; Ighodaro & Wiggan, 2011; Wiggan et al., 2020). In the context of this chapter, hegemony means the universalization of the ethos and interests of the dominant group over all other groups (Gramsci, 1971). Having its origins in the field of education (and sociology), CRS is a theoretical framework that explains racial and ethnic relations in social and institutional systems. CRS identifies patterns and relationships between race, culture, gender, and social structures (Wiggan et al., 2023). At a time of immense political, racial, religious, and socioeconomic divisions, the understanding of human connection is particularly important. Although race is a social construction—a human creation, as all humans share 99.9% of the same deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and came from the same family tree which started in Africa—it has real-life consequences (Ash & Wiggan, 2021; National Human Genome Institute, 2011; Smedley & Smedley, 2005).

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“Many Rivers to Cross:” Perceptions of Honors Through the Lens of Critical Race Structuralism

  • Jordan Z. Boyd

摘要

In what is considered by many as one of the most seminal liberation songs of the 1960s and 70s, Jamaican singer and songwriter, Jimmy Cliff, penned the words of the song “Many Rivers to Cross.” This song spoke to the racial struggles and cries for liberation from those who had endured centuries of White colonial domination. This domination was both physical and psychological, with the latter having the most enduring legacy. As noted in earlier chapters, critical race structuralism (CRS) is a new contribution and sister framework to Derrick Bell’s critical race theory (CRT) (Bell, 1980, 1995, 2017; Wiggan et al., 2022). As such, a central theme of this chapter is the importance of expanding analyses and mediating processes regarding the impact of racism in American classrooms. To challenge hegemonic narratives and provide a framework for inclusion, CRS presents a theoretical perspective that seeks to dismantle systemic and institutionalized racism (Gramsci, 1971; Ighodaro & Wiggan, 2011; Wiggan et al., 2020). In the context of this chapter, hegemony means the universalization of the ethos and interests of the dominant group over all other groups (Gramsci, 1971). Having its origins in the field of education (and sociology), CRS is a theoretical framework that explains racial and ethnic relations in social and institutional systems. CRS identifies patterns and relationships between race, culture, gender, and social structures (Wiggan et al., 2023). At a time of immense political, racial, religious, and socioeconomic divisions, the understanding of human connection is particularly important. Although race is a social construction—a human creation, as all humans share 99.9% of the same deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and came from the same family tree which started in Africa—it has real-life consequences (Ash & Wiggan, 2021; National Human Genome Institute, 2011; Smedley & Smedley, 2005).