Awareness and understanding of cyber-attacks on healthcare institutions and their profound impacts on patients, providers, health systems, and hospitals is critical for clinicians. This chapter will discuss the sources of these attacks, emphasizing the multi-faceted threats facing healthcare institutions. The role of clinicians and healthcare institutions is critical, and they must understand responsibilities in prevention, response, and patient support. There is also the collective effort required from many stakeholders including national trade organizations, critical infrastructure, defense policy, health regulators, technology producers, MedTech companies, health systems, and frontline defenders. Key areas for action include continuous education, training, effective communication, and collaboration to prevent cyber-attacks. Response strategies during and after cyber incidents are also covered, along with the importance of supporting patients through such crises. The chapter concludes with recommendations and additional resources for further reading.