Many abnormalities occur within the maxillary sinus and are relatively common. In the maxillary sinus, radiographs are generally used for anomaly screening purposes. Regarding the frequency, studies have shown unspecified sinusitis to be the most common, occurring in 44.4% of the individuals, followed by polyps in 18.2% and malignant tumours in 9.8%. Meanwhile, other studies have demonstrated mucosal thickening as the most frequent lesion of the maxillary sinus. The majority of the lesions impact more than one surface of the sinus; however, when the surfaces are evaluated alone, the inferior surface of the maxillary sinus is the most impacted by lesions. It is essential to understand the different risk factors each pathology has as it can vary widely. Based on the aetiology, lesions of the maxillary sinus might occur more commonly in certain geographical regions than others. It is essential to understand its epidemiology as it can prevent and possibly even reverse unwanted health outcomes. However, relatively little is known about the epidemiology of the maxillary sinus pathologies. Therefore, it is necessary for more research to be conducted in this area and for public awareness to be raised of the modifiable risk factors for the lesion.