Representation of Caste
摘要
This comment made by a Dalit Communist, R. B. More, highlights, in a nutshell, the impact and ill effects of the caste system in India. Indian Hindu society is divided into a fourfold caste system. Caste discrimination, for this reason, is very much evident in Indian society. This caste system is believed to be based on the idea of purity; hence, the caste system is essential to preserve the purity of blood and the purity of a clan. But Devadatta Ramakrishna Bhandarkar, an epigraphist and archaeologist, in his essay “Foreign Elements in the Hindu Population” (1911), claims, “There is hardly a class, or caste in India which has not a foreign strain in it. There is an admixture of alien blood not only among the warrior classes—the Rajputs and the Marathas—but also among the Brahmins who are under the happy delusion that they are free from all foreign elements” (37). This claim leads Ambedkar to say that “caste system came into being long after the different races of India had commingled in blood and culture. To hold that distinctions of castes or really distinctions of race and to treat different castes as though they were so many different races is a gross perversion of facts”. However, a particular section of society is tortured, insulted, and humiliated only because of this oppressive caste system. This caste identity becomes the be-all and end-all of a person’s life as Omprakash Valmiki, a noted Dalit writer and critic, in his autobiography Joothan (1997), writes: “Caste is a very important element of Indian society. As soon as a person is born, caste determines his or her destiny” (153). The so-called three upper castes, though they are not on good terms, join their hands to oppress the lower castes, known as the untouchables. By various ploys, Dalits have been oppressed by these so-called upper-caste people for centuries. First of all, Dalits were forbidden from accumulating fortune for fear of their becoming independent from the three castes. Next, they were forbidden from learning lest they maintain constant vigilance over their interests. And finally, they were not allowed to carry weapons for fear that they could use them to revolt against these oppressive, biased rules.