The site planning of a camp significantly impacts the sustainability, health, and well-being of the refugee community. Sustainable planning must consider the long-term needs of the occupants, and therefore, planners and designers need to follow sustainable housing master planning principles early on in the process. The site’s general layout, the orientation of structures, and its proximity to natural and existing features should be planned considering the topography, location, and passive solar gain and cooling. Additionally, the inclusion and seamless integration of open spaces and mobility networks are vital to the functioning of the place. This chapter sets indexes for sustainable site planning and describes the necessary factors to be considered for long-term stay in refugee housing. It emphasizes the need for macro thinking when considering the form and density of housing, given their significant impact on ecological footprint and carbon emissions. The chapter highlights the importance of contingency planning in gathering demographic and environmental data to identify risks and inform site development. Modular site planning with mixed land use is endorsed for future growth and adaptability. The subsequent sections delve into density considerations, analyzing low-, medium-, and high-density categories, each with distinct advantages and challenges. Environmental considerations highlight the need to integrate site planning with environmental preservation, addressing grading, topography, and local resources. The chapter underscores the importance of maintaining the site’s ecosystem and adapting to natural topography. Lastly, accessibility, mobility, and open spaces are discussed, emphasizing designing road networks, connecting communities, and integrating green spaces. A case study on the Rohingya refugee transitional housing in Bhasan Char, Bangladesh, demonstrates the practical implementation of these concepts, showcasing how thoughtful site planning can provide sustainable solutions for displaced populations, considering factors like location, construction, social well-being, and economic empowerment.