The selection of a site for the planning and a refugee camp is primarily influenced by the cause of displacement—whether driven by climatic factors or forced migration. This determination is crucial in assessing the camp’s permanence and the necessary services to support its residents. In most cases, for climate refugees, food and safe shelter are the priority to minimize loss of life following a disaster. Therefore, climate refugees are settled temporarily and later relocated to transitional shelters near the origin of living or other permanent locations. On the other hand, forcibly displaced refugees leave their country of origin and seek refuge in neighbouring countries. In such cases, refugees settled in a host nation are often sheltered in an undesired location. Although the site selection for forced refugees depends very much on the decision-making of the host country’s government, their government officials or humanitarian organizations should consider a range of factors as the refugees tend to be in these camps for years. This chapter delves into the critical factors that shape the choice of an appropriate location for various types of settlements, mainly focusing on the specific requirements for refugee camps and emergency housing. The chapter begins by emphasizing the significance of site size and area per capita, highlighting the correlation between overcrowding and health concerns. Land use and rights are explored, emphasizing the importance of legal agreements with local and national authorities for private land use. Proximity to amenities is discussed, underlining the advantages of locating camps near existing facilities to foster integration and prevent overburdening local resources. The impact of the site’s natural condition, including slope, soil condition, groundwater, flood plains, flora, fauna, and microclimate, is comprehensively examined. The chapter also addresses orientation principles, considering sunlight and wind for passive design strategies. Additionally, it underscores the significance of local health risks, accessibility, and flexibility for future growth. A case study of Tukuraki Village in Fiji demonstrates the practical application of these principles in achieving disaster-resilient housing and community development. The chapter offers valuable insights for effective site selection in diverse contexts through these considerations.