With increasing global great concern over greenhouse gas emissions and their harmful effects on the environment, a vast number of wind turbines are recently connected to electrical grids. Nowadays, Egypt continuously develops wind energy projects; it makes a great effort in the Gulf of Suez area, especially in the Al-Zafarana district. The most important wind turbine in Egyptian wind farms is Gamesa; it is also the newest wind turbine and the only one that contains advanced technology equipped with a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG). Al-Zafarana's fifth stage project has been considered a case study in this chapter. The DFIG-based wind turbines are a popular wind turbine system due to their high-energy efficiency, reduced mechanical stress on the wind turbine, and relatively low power rating of the connected power electronics converter of low costs. In addition, the main advantage of this configuration is that it allows variable-speed operation and provides this facility by operating in both sub- and super-synchronous speed modes with a rotor speed range around the synchronous speed. Therefore, the power extraction from the wind can be optimized; this configuration offers adequate performance and is sufficient for the speed range required to exploit typical wind resources. In this chapter, Al-Zafarana fifth stage project and grid-connected DFIG-WT modeling are described. A mathematical model of DFIG and the vector control schemes of the rotor side converter (RSC) and the grid side converter (GSC) are also presented, respectively. The GSC ensures the regulation of the DC voltage to the desired value, while the RSC controls the active and reactive powers injected by the DFIG into the grid independently.

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Al-Zafarana Wind Energy Conversion System

  • Heba A. Mahmoud,
  • Adel A. Elbaset,
  • Montaser Abdelsattar

摘要

With increasing global great concern over greenhouse gas emissions and their harmful effects on the environment, a vast number of wind turbines are recently connected to electrical grids. Nowadays, Egypt continuously develops wind energy projects; it makes a great effort in the Gulf of Suez area, especially in the Al-Zafarana district. The most important wind turbine in Egyptian wind farms is Gamesa; it is also the newest wind turbine and the only one that contains advanced technology equipped with a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG). Al-Zafarana's fifth stage project has been considered a case study in this chapter. The DFIG-based wind turbines are a popular wind turbine system due to their high-energy efficiency, reduced mechanical stress on the wind turbine, and relatively low power rating of the connected power electronics converter of low costs. In addition, the main advantage of this configuration is that it allows variable-speed operation and provides this facility by operating in both sub- and super-synchronous speed modes with a rotor speed range around the synchronous speed. Therefore, the power extraction from the wind can be optimized; this configuration offers adequate performance and is sufficient for the speed range required to exploit typical wind resources. In this chapter, Al-Zafarana fifth stage project and grid-connected DFIG-WT modeling are described. A mathematical model of DFIG and the vector control schemes of the rotor side converter (RSC) and the grid side converter (GSC) are also presented, respectively. The GSC ensures the regulation of the DC voltage to the desired value, while the RSC controls the active and reactive powers injected by the DFIG into the grid independently.