Water scarcity is a growing concern in Nigeria, threatening sustainable development and human well-being. Effective water conservation strategies are crucial to tackle this challenge. This systematic review examines the existing literature on the present and future directions of climate-smart water conservation strategies in Nigeria by addressing their strengths, weaknesses, and potential for sustainable development. The review aims to identify effective approaches, challenges, and opportunities for improving water management in the face of climate change. A comprehensive search of peer-reviewed articles, government reports, and grey literature was conducted. Themes and sub-themes addressed in the study were determined and an average of ten relevant literatures were included to address each sub-theme. The findings highlight the need for integrated water resources management, efficient irrigation systems, use of water saving technology, design and construction of climate resilient water infrastructure as well as community-led initiatives. The review also emphasizes the importance of addressing institutional, financial, and technical barriers to successful implementation. The need for a coordinated approach to ensure sustainable development using the climate-smart water conservation framework in Nigeria is of utmost importance.