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In these almost three centuries of advances in knowledge, there have been notable events. From the obscure interpretations of the “tombs of giants” and the fragmentary geological knowledge of the Traveling Naturalists, we move on to the general descriptions of our mineral resources made after 1852 during the Argentine Confederation based in Paraná. Finally, the teaching of Geology began in 1865 at the University of Buenos Aires and geological research at the National Academy of Sciences in Córdoba, which was complemented by the explorations of the La Plata Museum in Patagonia. These initial surveys were the basis for the organization of the first National Geological Survey in 1904 with a legion of young and well-prepared German geologists who surveyed the Central and Northern regions of the country. This allowed the first Argentine geologists to begin their contributions and studies that in a few years allowed the consolidation of the regular geological survey of the country. At the same time, and with the need to explore the potential of oil and the creation of Yacimientos Petrolíferos Fiscales, it was necessary to train a large number of geologists who turned to the industry. Those years were followed by the creation of institutions such as Fabricaciones Militares, the National Atomic Energy Commission, and Yacimientos Carboníferos Fiscales, where geologists mobilized metalliferous and radioactive resources and the exploitation of coal. At the same time, new universities were opened that permitted an expansion of the educational offer in Geological Sciences that was distributed throughout the country. The creation of Conicet reinforced research both in universities and in different institutes where our geologists work. A comprehensive observation of the stages that have led to the present situation of geology shows us that with some ups and downs, economic and political crises, and strong vicissitudes, we have reached the twenty-first century with a well-consolidated geological community and with a promising future for the Geological Sciences activity.

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Almost Three Hundred Years of Geology

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Victor A. Ramos

摘要

In these almost three centuries of advances in knowledge, there have been notable events. From the obscure interpretations of the “tombs of giants” and the fragmentary geological knowledge of the Traveling Naturalists, we move on to the general descriptions of our mineral resources made after 1852 during the Argentine Confederation based in Paraná. Finally, the teaching of Geology began in 1865 at the University of Buenos Aires and geological research at the National Academy of Sciences in Córdoba, which was complemented by the explorations of the La Plata Museum in Patagonia. These initial surveys were the basis for the organization of the first National Geological Survey in 1904 with a legion of young and well-prepared German geologists who surveyed the Central and Northern regions of the country. This allowed the first Argentine geologists to begin their contributions and studies that in a few years allowed the consolidation of the regular geological survey of the country. At the same time, and with the need to explore the potential of oil and the creation of Yacimientos Petrolíferos Fiscales, it was necessary to train a large number of geologists who turned to the industry. Those years were followed by the creation of institutions such as Fabricaciones Militares, the National Atomic Energy Commission, and Yacimientos Carboníferos Fiscales, where geologists mobilized metalliferous and radioactive resources and the exploitation of coal. At the same time, new universities were opened that permitted an expansion of the educational offer in Geological Sciences that was distributed throughout the country. The creation of Conicet reinforced research both in universities and in different institutes where our geologists work. A comprehensive observation of the stages that have led to the present situation of geology shows us that with some ups and downs, economic and political crises, and strong vicissitudes, we have reached the twenty-first century with a well-consolidated geological community and with a promising future for the Geological Sciences activity.