Weak soil conditions present significant challenges in various civil engineering projects, including construction, slope stability, and infrastructure development. Weak soils are found in several regions, many loess and silty soils are most widespread in the central and southern Kazakhstan regions. This study investigates and evaluates various methods for enhancing soil load-bearing capacity and stability. Through a detailed analysis of the literature and experimental studies of the geotechnical properties of weak soils, this research explores conventional and innovative techniques employed for soil improvement. Laboratory tests, such as liquid, plastic limit tests, and chemical analysis, are performed to examine soil composition and characteristics. Experimental investigations are conducted to assess the soil properties and identify most effective methods. The outcomes provide valuable insights into the sustainability, and applicability of soil strengthening methods. This research advances the understanding of soil strengthening techniques and provides criteria for selecting methods to address weak soil challenges in civil engineering projects. The findings aim to assist engineers and researchers in optimizing construction on weak soils, enhancing durability, and sustainability.