Water is the most essential resource for the existence and growth of all living beings. Earth is frequently referred to as the “blue planet” because of the water that covers over 70% of its surface. Just 2.5% is pure water out of this total—97.5% is salt water. On the other hand, 68.9% of fresh water is permanently frozen in glaciers and frozen solid ice. Thirty-eight per cent of freshwater comes from groundwater, of which only 33% is easily used by humans. Safe and clean water is essential for a healthy community and economy. However, a serious global crisis is caused by the fast increase in the world’s population, growing industrialisation, urbanisation, and intensive farming methods, all of which are steadily lowering the quality of water resources. Approximately 2.6 billion people worldwide struggle to satisfy their basic sanitary needs, while 1.2 billion people lack access to safe drinking water. Diseases spread by tainted and unsanitary water have sadly claimed the lives of millions of people, particularly children. Sustainable wastewater management is of vital importance to guarantee that all people have access to a clean and safe water source. Pollutants can be removed from various types of wastewater using a wide range of conventional and non-conventional treatment techniques.