This chapter explores technological advances applied to the assessment and rehabilitation in the treatment of substance use and dependence, highlighting the main advantages and limitations of current methods. The objectives include offering new solutions for challenges in managing and improving the well-being of individuals affected by substance use disorders. Topics discussed include digital assessments, such as screenings, ecological momentary assessments, computerized adaptive testing, and digital phenotypes, which facilitate the detection and prevention of substance use disorders, especially in hard-to-reach areas, by integrating information into electronic health records. Studies indicate that digital assessments encourage more detailed disclosures from patients, resulting in higher detection rates of dependence. Technological interventions offer “on-demand” support and broad accessibility, being effective in identifying and treating harmful behaviors. The choice of intervention should consider the target population, treatment goals, and costs. The main conclusions highlight that, despite the great potential of these innovations, more research and training are necessary to ensure safety and efficacy, suggesting a combined approach with traditional therapies for better outcomes.