This chapter provides a comprehensive analysis of the historical foundations and challenges that have shaped evidence-based psychological practice. Beginning with a review of the history and conceptual bases of Evidence-Based Practice (EBP), the text explores significant milestones that have paved its way in clinical psychology. It discusses the core concepts of Evidence-Based Practice in Clinical Psychology (EBPP), emphasizing the integration of robust scientific evidence with clinical experience and patient preferences, illustrating its practical application with relevant studies. Additionally, essential criteria for evaluating evidence quality are outlined, highlighting the advantages of adopting an evidence-based approach. The chapter also proposes solutions to overcome common barriers in EBPP implementation, including strategies for case formulation, setting clear therapeutic goals, selecting flexible interventions within fidelity parameters, and continuously monitoring therapeutic progress and outcomes.