BNCT is a targeted type of radiotherapy that has many significant advantages over conventional external beam photon irradiation, especially in that the radiation can be selectively delivered to tumor cells. We were the first in the world to treat a patient with BNCT for recurrent head and neck cancer in 2001. From December 2001 to May 2014, we treated 35 patients with recurrent HNSCC, with in total 45 times BNCT. The patients had received standard therapy and subsequently developed recurrent disease which had no other treatment options. The clinical results of 35 patients treated with BNCT at either KURRI or JAEA were as follows: all patients had advanced disease and 17 of 35 (49%) had developed regional lymph node metastases and 10 out of 35 (29%) had developed distant metastasis at the time of treatment—(1) Regression rates were CR: 18 (51%), PR: 8 (23%), SD: 3 (9%), PD:5 (14%) and not evaluated (NE): 1patient (3%). The overall clinical response rate was 83%. (2) The 5-year OS rates were 25%. (3) Survival times following BNCT ranged from 1 to 140 months. (4) BNCT improved QOL, PS, and survival times. (5) The primary adverse events were brain necrosis, osteomyelitis and transient mucositis, and alopecia.