Bioclimatic Urban Renewal Approach on an Historical Disused Military Area in Naples
摘要
In view of cultural, social, and above all climatic-environmental changes, it is necessary to understand the fundamental role that the distinctiveness of the contemporary architect plays in the configuration of territory, urban landscape, cities, and building structures. "[...] the city is a pasture, evidently this pasture will have to be organized and built to be nutritious and healthy, full of benefits.” (Emery, N. Progettare, costruire, curare – Per una deontologia dell’architettura. Casagrande, Bellinzona, p. 13, 2010). The project proposed here regards the regeneration of a land strip called “Five Lenze Park,” located along the coast of Bacoli in Naples Metropolitan City and characterized by a strong historical identity. In fact, in this marshy space, there have been old military warehouses from 1940s and other ruined artefacts of which uncontrolled nature has taken over. Design challenge aims to put again in harmony nature with the history of the place for setting up a new balanced human-nature environment. The methodological process was made up of two activities: A first part mainly dealing with analysis actions and a subsequent part assigned to design process. So, the history and transformations over time, the climatic and microclimate data, the existing vegetation, the social and cultural substrate and the existing building artefacts were analyzed; at the same time, digital tools have been employed so as to support and deepen the knowledge. Consequently, the project was developed based on three main objectives: reconnection of the place with the surrounding urban fabric, revitalization of the area uses, and conservative reuse of existing buildings. The project involves designing bicycle lanes and pedestrian paths, constructing hydroponic agricultural greenhouses, planting autochthone plant species, proposing the creation of climatic tanks with the reuse of rainwater and so on. Using bioclimatic strategies and technologies has allowed us to design an urban space which help to mitigate the multi-risk.