A set of integrated strategies is needed to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality at the local level, and interventions must be planned based on site-specific environments, resources and cultures. An Interreg Euro-Med project, namely, CO2 Pacman (2024–2026), has started to develop living labs in three Mediterranean islands by engaging local administrations, citizens and stakeholders to accomplish their transition to carbon neutrality. An environmental accounting framework has been developed and will be used to drive choices, first assessing current greenhouse gas emissions, i.e. the carbon footprint of the island, and then accounting for potential effects of integrated carbon footprint mitigation solutions to be discussed and agreed upon during participative design processes. Main emission sources will be taken into account, including energy use in buildings and in the transport sector, waste and water management and food consumption. Four main categories of solutions are explored: (i) behavioural changes in citizens’ lives; (ii) policies, including the provision of new services and infrastructures; (iii) research and innovation such as to allow for a wider deployment of renewable energy sources and technologies for sustainable management of resources, e.g. waste and water; and (iv) transition to electric systems. Moreover, nature-based solutions can contribute to increasing ecosystem services including the capacity to absorb carbon dioxide. The main challenge of the project is to raise awareness of the impact of local communities on climate. To this aim, this chapter presents a preliminary carbon footprint mitigation scenario for Elba island. A visualisation tool has been used to make results easily understandable to a public of non-experts and, based on results, showing a comprehensive carbon footprint for the island of 290,360 t CO2eq per year, a possible transition pathway to carbon neutrality is developed. Coherently with this scenario that can be expected to change landscapes and lifestyles of local communities, visions of a future carbon neutral island will be discussed and co-designed to highlight additional potential benefits, such as in terms of business development and quality of life.