Traditionally, OHS practices in construction were reactive, but with data, a forward-thinking approach can be adopted to detect and resolve potential dangers before accidents occur. The present work discusses the pillars of a data-driven approach and performance considerations and highlights the benefits and challenges of adopting these approaches. It emphasizes the importance of general Data-driven firm Strategy, OHS data collection and Preventive risk Measurement considerations that concern a high-performance Data-driven OHS Strategy. A Data-Driven OHS Strategy demands a firm dedication to data accuracy and confidentiality, along with thoughtful deliberation of ethical and legal concerns. The study conducts a systematic literature review and utilizes the fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) methodology to analyze complex causal relationships and identify configurations of variables that lead to specific outcomes based on 36 construction companies’ inquiries. The research aims to propose effective safety enhancing Data-driven OHS Strategies aligned to the construction industry’s unique challenges and ultimately seeks to customize these strategies to meet the industry’s needs. This work endeavors to highlight potential alignments between Data-driven Strategy performance and OHS performance, aiming to uncover avenues for refining safety protocols and operations.