Microvascular laser investigation techniques are non-invasive methods for measurement of surface blood flow. The laser Doppler fluxmetry (LDF) provides a semi-quantitative and relative representation of the skin blood perfusion and permits studies of the blood microhaemodynamics of the skin. The high variability of skin microcirculation makes the test–retest reliability of absolute flux values low. However, non-pharmacological stimulation tests and local pharmacological stimulation are useful to assess the endothelial-induced vasodilatation or vasoconstriction of the skin microvessels in numerous physiological and pathological conditions. Furthermore, fluctuations of the cutaneous blood flow (CBF) signal provide specific information generally referred to as ‘vasomotion’ beyond the analysis of the mean flux value on the skin.