Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a devastating viral transboundary animal disease characterized by high mortality that has steadily expanded over the years, particularly in the last 15 years, across a large part of Africa, the Middle East, Arabian Peninsula, Asia and the Indian subcontinent. In Europe, 29 countries in the region have a World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH)-recognized official free disease status. The risk of introduction of the disease from disease-endemic regions to disease-free countries exists due to shared boundaries of proximity and trade. Between the year 2015 and 2019, the WOAH has reported outbreaks of PPR in 59 out of 66 countries, of which 9582 outbreaks were in Asia and the Middle East, 3166 outbreaks in Africa and 9 in Europe. The number of outbreaks worldwide was 3688 and above 2500 for each of the years 2016–2018. However, a decrease in the number of cases was reported in 2015, and by 2019 the number had continued to decrease. As of 2021, 21 of 66 countries recognized as infected with PPR have no report. Epidemiological surveillance is the most important component in disease control strategy, often applied as a veterinary containment measure to circumscribe disease outbreaks like PPR. PPR virus (PPRV) surveillance strategy provides useful data to fill the major gaps in our knowledge of the host range epidemiology and the eradication framework guided by surveillance principles. Programme planning and establishing a structure will provide decision-makers with circumspect advice on PPR risk assessment, surveillance, management, vaccination strategies, communication, etc., which draws on a range of institutional knowledge and expertise. Previous disease eradication campaigns and exercises have provided us with very important lessons as a guide towards the implementation of effective vaccination strategies. Although having vaccines may be a challenge, a well-coordinated distribution chain can guarantee the success of the exercise. PPR vaccines for the control and eradication of PPR have to be produced in line with the WOAH standards to ensure access to high potency quality vaccines, delivered promptly and made ultimately affordable.