Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an acute, contagious, notifiable, and economically important transboundary viral disease of sheep and goats. This book chapter discusses the socioeconomic dynamics of PPR in global, regional/country, and epi-unit perspectives, focusing on developing countries. It comprehensively examines the interdependency of sociocultural and economic factors and their influence on PPR disease dynamics and incidence. Additionally, the chapter addresses the roles and contributions of several sociocultural factors, flock-level social factors, rearing methods, outbreak management strategies, and economic linkages. It also highlights the possible requirements for PPR eradication in developing countries.