The authors analyze investments in green innovations in connection with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which presuppose preventing climate change (warming) and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. There are three scenarios for achieving this goal: STEPS–the scenario of declared policy; APS–the scenario of declared commitments; and NZE–the scenario of net zero emissions by 2050. To determine the scale of the measures taken, the authors presented the dynamics of changes in investments in fossil fuels and clean energy over the past eight years and identified the reasons for the advancement and lagging behind of some countries and companies, which made it possible to outline the problems in achieving the set goals. The conducted structural analysis shows an ambiguous picture of this transition in the conditions of the current geopolitical situation in the world and the implementation of macroeconomic policy in these realities, which are sometimes not conducive to achieving global goals. The research aims to review and analyze the state of the transition process to green energy by implementing investments aimed at reducing environmental impact and partially replacing fossil fuels with alternative energy sources. To achieve the set goal, the authors determined the dynamics of investment implementation by countries and energy sectors and outlined the stimulating role of ESG bonds.