Magnetic Induction on pH, Oxidation-Reduction Potential, Conductivity and Dissolved Oxygen Level of Water and Its Properties: A State-of-the-Art Review
摘要
For over a century, the techniqueTechnique of using magnetic inductionInduction or ‘magnetic water treatment’ (MWT) has been largely employed in overcoming problematic scaling. MWT has become an alternative water treatment methodMethod over conventional electrochemical and chemical methodsMethod which are often costly and less eco-friendly. Different effects of magnetic inductionInduction on pH, oxidation-reduction potentialPotential (ORP), conductivity and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration have been reported in recent literature. While these effects were regarded as advantageous, the scientific understandingUnderstanding and systematic review of the magnetic inductionInduction on water quality improvement are still inadequate in literature. Hence, this article aims to present a comprehensive overview of the MWT and its enhancing effects on water parameters and propertiesProperties. Firstly, the important principles of MWT which led to water parameters and propertiesProperties enhancement were summarized. Then, the effects of magnetic inductionInduction on pH, ORP, conductivity and DO concentration were systematically reviewed and discussed. This is followed by the analysis of the impacts of electron on water clustering, hydrogen bonding and thermal propertiesProperties, as well as their correlation with magnetic inductionInduction effects on these water propertiesProperties. Lastly, the applicationsApplication of MWT and the potentialPotential contributions of this technologyTechnology with greater emphasis on the contamination control, microbes inhibition, fish and plant growthGrowth as well as healthcare were highlighted.