Food wasteFood waste measurement and monitoringFood waste monitoring over time represent a global challenge. Food wasteFood waste is estimated to reach one-third of food produced for human consumption each year, which is equal to about 1.3 billion tons, and its minimization requires humans, single companies, local authorities, or entire countries to act in a sustainable manner. From a social perspective, food wasteFood waste has a significant impact on hunger and malnutritionMalnutrition, as well as on the economy and the environment. According to recent statistics, food waste is responsible for around 6% of the entire greenhouse gasGreenhouse gas emissions, distinguishing between emissions associated with supply chainSupply chain disruptions and consumer waste. Considering the impact of the Commission Delegated DecisionCommission Delegated Decision (EU) 2019/1597 of May 3, 2019, the first chapter outlines the most commonly employed methodologies for assessing food waste quantities and composition. Specifically, it defines direct measurementDirect measurement tools, food diaries, the mass-balance approachMass-balance approach (as well as the useful material flow analysis)Material flow analysis, questionnairesQuestionnaire and surveys, as well as the waste composition analysisWaste composition analysis. The present chapter conducts a systematic literature reviewLiterature review to examine diverse academic articles with the objective of influencing literature trends and generating empirical guidelines for academics and researchers in the field.