Aphelenchoides are mostly fungal feeders with over 175 nominal species. However, foliar nematodes are phytoparasites that cause damage and yield loss to crops and ornamental plants. Aphelenchoides besseyi, A. fragariae, and A. rotzemabosi are the main foliar nematodes with economically significant. These nematodes are distributed worldwide with a broad host range. Aphelenchoides ritzemabosi can cause up to 60% damage to chrysanthemum plants. However, pathogenicity depends on the species of Aphelenchoides may vary. Therefore, their identification is critical, in which DNA markers and morphology provide information for precise species diagnosis. Newly A. besseyi reported the smallest genome size (50.30 mb) compared with the other aphelenchid nematode. On the other hand, foliar nematode management is complicated. Studies showed a few resistant rice cultivars against rice white tip nematode. In conclusion, foliar nematodes are critical in floriculture and crops, and their management has become essential for flower marketing and crop production. Hence, this chapter focuses on various aspects of foliar nematodes.