In this chapter, we describe the status of geothermal energy technology in Australia. At the time of publication, there had been a modest increase in direct heat-use applications, yet still no large-scale electricity supply from geothermal energy due to previously acknowledged economic and technical challenges. Given, Australia is going through a transformation of the energy sector to achieve Net Zero by 2050, we consider what geothermal energy could bring to Australia’s energy transition, and offer potential considerations for industry, government, and the wider community. In doing so, we acknowledge that, hypothetically, if geothermal were to contribute to Australia’s large-scale energy mix, it could help improve energy resilience by providing dispatchable energy. However, exploration for geothermal resources in Australia has tended to be in geographically remote areas. Should such supply be commercially viable, its development would require increased large-scale electricity infrastructure, including the expansion of the transmission network, which could be met with community opposition.