Deep-seated gliomas present a significant challenge to neurosurgeons due to their proximity to critical neural and vascular structures, as well as their distance from the hemispheric surfaces, which makes them more difficult to access for surgical resection. This chapter focuses on the main surgical strategies for the treatment of deep gliomas, taking into account current knowledge of white matter, neuro-anatomy, and anatomy of cisternae and fissures. Specifically, the system of white matter fibers surrounding the central core of the brain is highly complex and conceals a wide range of functions that cannot be reduced to motion and language alone. Due to this complexity, the whole brain should be considered eloquent, and the utmost care should be taken to avoid the removal of healthy brain tissue and vascular damage. The surgeon must carefully study the tumor and its natural growth pattern, identifying the natural cisternal routes leading to it and following them to the target. Each tumor may exhibit unique behavior in this regard. While modern technological advances have allowed further evolution in the surgical management of deep-seated gliomas, it is important to understand that surgical treatment of deep-seated intrinsic brain tumors is feasible but requires a comprehensive understanding of white matter anatomy, mastery of microsurgical arachnoidal dissection, and the ability to plan a customized surgical strategy for each patient.