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In-wheel-motor (IWM) drivetrains are rapidly gaining attention from researchers and manufacturers in the automotive industry due to their numerous benefits. The Protean IWM, developed by Protean Electric, is a unique type of permanent magnet synchronous motor designed specifically for direct drive electric vehicles. This motor is notable for its high fault tolerance, achieved by dividing the stator into eight independent sub-motors, each with a balanced three-phase system spanning 45°/360° mechanical/electrical on the stator periphery. In this paper, we present a specially designed field-oriented control (FOC) strategy to drive the Protean IWM, focusing on the independent control of each sub-motor. The FOC strategy maximizes performance in the constant torque region through a maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) approach and extends speed capabilities in the constant power region using flux weakening (FW) control. We validated the Protean IWM model and its control under FOC with MTPA and FW modes through simulations in MATLAB/Simulink. The results show high performance in terms of response speed, smooth switching between FOC and FW modes, and excellent fault tolerance.

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Vector Control of Special 24-Phase Protean In-Wheel-Motor Used in EV Applications

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Mahmoud Said Jneid,
  • Péter Harth,
  • Árpád Török

摘要

In-wheel-motor (IWM) drivetrains are rapidly gaining attention from researchers and manufacturers in the automotive industry due to their numerous benefits. The Protean IWM, developed by Protean Electric, is a unique type of permanent magnet synchronous motor designed specifically for direct drive electric vehicles. This motor is notable for its high fault tolerance, achieved by dividing the stator into eight independent sub-motors, each with a balanced three-phase system spanning 45°/360° mechanical/electrical on the stator periphery. In this paper, we present a specially designed field-oriented control (FOC) strategy to drive the Protean IWM, focusing on the independent control of each sub-motor. The FOC strategy maximizes performance in the constant torque region through a maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) approach and extends speed capabilities in the constant power region using flux weakening (FW) control. We validated the Protean IWM model and its control under FOC with MTPA and FW modes through simulations in MATLAB/Simulink. The results show high performance in terms of response speed, smooth switching between FOC and FW modes, and excellent fault tolerance.