Introduction
摘要
We live in a volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) world, which can no longer be described as stable, certain, simple, and concrete. Individual choices, institutions, routines, fears, power, politics, collective action, long-term thinking, free will, conformity, and legitimation, to name a few, are in a fluid state. The ways and forms of organizingIt is more difficult than ever to manage a business in such a VUCA world, where “predictable unpredictability is not going away.” Future economic trends and market changes are uncertain. Product lifecycles, strategic choices, capabilities, and routines have become shorter than before, and innovation is increasingly externalized.