The interplay between pesticide use and climate change presents significant challenges to community health, particularly among vulnerable populations. Climate change alters environmental conditions, influencing the behavior, distribution, and degradation of pesticides, resulting in varied exposure patterns and health risks. This chapter examines the impacts of extreme weather events, rising temperatures, and shifting precipitation patterns on pesticide persistence and movement, heightening both direct and indirect health risks. It highlights the different vulnerabilities of rural and urban communities, emphasizing how demographic and socioeconomic factors—such as age, income level, and preexisting health conditions—increase susceptibility to these threats. Moreso, this chapter explores implications for vector-borne diseases, where climate-induced changes in disease vectors necessitate increased pesticide use, compounding health risks. An assessment of current regulatory and policy frameworks reveals critical gaps in addressing the simultaneous threats of pesticide exposure and climate change, underscoring the need for integrated strategies that prioritize community health and environmental sustainability. This chapter concludes with proposed mitigation and adaptation strategies, including community-based interventions, climate-smart agricultural practices, and enhanced health surveillance systems, aimed at protecting vulnerable populations and improving public health outcomes.