When the full-scale invasion of Ukraine by Russian forces began in February 2022, a large number of people were displaced to Europe. Germany has been one of the largest recipients of displaced persons, as it has had a large Russian-speaking population since before the war. Orthodox immigrants from the former Soviet Union usually attended parish services of the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC). However, due to the mass immigration from Ukraine, there has been a widespread movement to create new parishes of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church (UOC). Many churches are served by clergy who are themselves displaced persons. This has led some believers to move from the parishes of the ROC to the UOC. At the same time, however, few parishes of the ROC are experiencing a decrease in the number of parishioners; on the contrary, they are reporting an increase. In addition, many immigrated clergy of the UOC are serving together with the ROC. The UOC convened a Council on May 27, 2022, and subsequently adopted a new Charter declaring its full independence and self-reliance from the ROC, while avoiding the word autocephaly. How one interprets this new Charter varies greatly depending on the position of each clergyman. One pole believes that with this Council, the UOC has achieved separation from the ROC, while the other pole believes that the Charter was enacted under the unique circumstances of the war and that its connection to Russia in canon law has not been severed. Within the territory of Ukraine, this difference is not a major problem. However, outside the country, where the UOC parishes are adjacent to the parishes of the ROC, this difference in interpretation poses a more complex problem. My chapter examines this point in detail.