This study has explored how digital businesses in the manufacturing sector contribute to promoting the green economy in EU countries. The comparative analysis shows that the level of digital businesses in the manufacturing sector, based on the e-business indicators analyzed (such as IoT, AI technologies, big data analysis, cloud computing services, 3D printing, and robots), and the green economy (measured by the Global Green Economy Index - GGEI) vary significantly across EU countries. The results of the correlation and regression analysis suggest that the high level of the green economy in some EU countries can be explained by both a high share of manufacturing enterprises with at least a basic level of digital intensity and a high level of economic efficiency (labour productivity) in the manufacturing sector. Based on the cluster analysis, the EU-27 countries were grouped into four clusters, highlighting both the differences and commonalities among EU nations regarding the relationship between the digitalization of manufacturing businesses and the green economy. The greatest challenges for the green economy and digital transition are identified in two clusters, particularly in Bulgaria, Romania, Poland, the Czech Republic, and Slovakia. Tailored measures should be developed for these countries to support both digital and green transitions. It is crucial that these transitions reinforce each other, with the digital transition serving as a key driver for achieving a fair and efficient green transition.