While the European Commission encourages the use of tap water in our diets as an environmental and economic priority in the logic of plastic-free strategy, the tap water does not always meet several quality requirements compromising the confidence of the consumers. The contamination of drinking water is linked to organic, inorganic and biological pollutants from various sources, which can have serious effects on human health. The unbalanced level of solutes (i.e., chlorine), the presence of persistent organic and inorganic pollutants, the residual amount of disinfection by-products drastically impact on the organoleptic properties of tap water. These aspects have stimulated the development of Point of Entry (POE), installed at the entrance to individual buildings, or Point of Use (POU), installed in the home, filtration systems to improve the tap water quality. The commercially available systems are often based on activated carbon and Reverse Osmosis. The serious drawback of these systems is the lack in terms of ion selectivity leading to a drastic abatement of the concentration of solutes without considering their key role for the mineral balance in our diets and the organoleptic properties of drinking water. In this paper the main aspects and parameters to be optimized in the design of tap water treatment solutions with well-established and innovative approaches are analyzed.