Natural vegetable fibersNatural fibers used as reinforcements are increasingly used in polymerPolymers and cementitious matrices because of their main advantages when compared with the traditional engineered fibers: biodegradable, low carbon footprint, low cost, lightweight, and tough. This research presents results on some of the most representing fibers used in the region, some of them for centuries by local communities, from its mechanical propertiesMechanical property to its chemical and microstructural features. Scanning electron microscopy and flexural strengthFlexural strength results are presented. Information regarding the plants and in some cases their cultural use is presented as well. Properties confirm these fibers can substitute high-performance engineering fibers, in applications that include compositesComposite for vehicles, bullet protection vests, and green construction materials.