Living with Water: Coping and Adapting in Flood-Prone Areas in Bangkok-Nonthaburi Communities Along the Klong Mahasawat
摘要
Bangkok is a city where landscapes and cultures are connected to the river from the past to the present. Bangkok city’s growth has spread wide; roads and real estate projects replaced the canals. Currently, Bangkok is constantly facing flooding. “Klong Mahasawat” is a necessary canal on the west side of Bangkok. It serves as the border demarcation line between Bangkok and Nonthaburi and a flood protection wall for Bangkok during the flooding season. This study focuses on the different housing adaptability to floods between housing built before the Great Floods of 2011 and housing built after 2011 in the border area between Bangkok and Nonthaburi. This research aims to find distribution patterns of the adaptation and coping capability housing to flooding in flood-prone communities along the waterways of Klong Mahasawat. Moreover, to study the tradition of coexistence with water and to find ways to learn from it and apply it in a manner consistent with the needs of modern society. In the research approach, field observation was done by taking pictures and recording the condition and patterns of housing units along the Klong Mahasawat and Khlong Bang Khwang sub-canal. The samples of private housing units were selected with different flood coping strategies. The analyzed data indicated that community housing patterns on both sides of the canal desire to build a relationship with the water. Only urban communities in the form of housing estates do not appear to have a direct relationship with the canal, only for the benefit of a drainage channel when in the flood condition. The housing unit, forming a stilt house that allows water to flow through it, is more adaptable in Nonthaburi. It does not affect the surrounding area more than other forms of housing. On the other hand, this type of housing unit at the level of one-story stilt houses is more vulnerable to impacts from flooding protection.